There were a range of “fixed penalty” punishments, From the lost of a hand to actually being hung.
It just depended on what type of crime was committed.
Generally it was the Lord of the Manor who decided on the punishment, but I think anything major such as murder it was dealt with by a visiting Magistrate.
The punishments themselves were not too pleasent either, but then they were designed to be a deterent.
There were a few odd punishments too but again it’s the way things were.
One of the weirder ones I’ve heard of is that if you were caught whistling on the Sabbath you would be put in the stocks.
If you get a chance read up about someone called Judge Jeffrey’s known as the bloody Judge. His reign of terror (for want of a better word)
was called the Bloody Azisses (excuse spelling) He was a complete fruit loop. If you went before in the morning you may well get off with perhaps a public flogging, but as these court sessions generally took all day, he would of course need a drink the more he drunk the worse the sentences became and for something as trivial as perhaps spilling your neighbours beer you could be hung or transported to West Indies.
Eventually after James 2nd was turfed off the throne and booted out of England Judge Jeffrey’s who had the protection of the King, was in mortal danger and decided to hot foot it out of England too. Jeffreys tried to flee and follow the King abroad. He was captured in a public house in Wapping, now named The Town of Ramsgate. Reputedly he was disguised as a sailor, and was recognized by a surviving judicial victim. Jeffreys was in terror of the public when dragged to the Lord Mayor and then to prison “for his own safety”. He begged his captors for protection from the mob.

He died of kidney disease (probably pyelonephritis) while in custody in the Tower of London on 18 April 1689. He was originally buried in the Chapel Royal of Saint Peter ad Vincula in the Tower. In 1692 his body was moved to St Mary Aldermanbury.